The profile of an effective manager

Страница: 16/18

Message Medium Receiver

Encoding Decoding

Sender Noise Message

Feedback

1. Message: a purpose to be conveyed

2. Encoding: converting a message into symbols

3. Channel: the medium a message travels along

4. Decoding: retranslating a sender’s message. Difficulties may occur here, especially in intercultural communication.

5. Feedback: returns the message to the sender and provides a check on whether understanding has been achieved.

Noise: any disturbance that interferes with the transmission, receipt or feedback of a message

Attachment 2 [51]

HIERARCHY OF CHANNEL RICHNESS

Channel Type of message Information medium

Richness

Richest Nonroutine, ambiguous

Face-to-face talk

Telephone

Electronic mail

Memos, letters

Flyers, bulletins, general reports

Leanest Routine, clear

[1] Management, By: Robbins, S.P., 1991, , Prentice-Hall, Inc, p. 4.

[2] Begrippen van Management, By: Jegers M., Moenaert R., Verbeke A., 1994, , VUB-press, p.17.

[3] The nature of Managerial work By: Mintzberg H., 1973, , New York, Harper&Row, p. 93-94.

[4] The General Managers, By: Kotter J.P.,1982, , New York Free Press.

[5] Skills of an effective administrator, By: Katz R.L., 1974, , Harvard Business Reiew 52.

[6] Management, By: Robbins, S.P., 1991, , Prentice-Hall, Inc, p. 4.

[7] The General Managers, By: Kotter J.P.,1982, , New York Free Press, p. 36.

[8] Organization Theory and Design, By Richard L. Daft, 2nd Edition,1983

[9] Actionable learning, By Terrence Morrison, Asia Development Bank Institute

[10] Human Problem Solving By: Herbert Simon and R. Newel,NY:NORTON,1990

[11] Extract from” The Next big Idea” By Carol Kennedy, Random House Business Books, www.cec.globalcources.com

[12] Essentials of Organizational Behavior. By, Robbins, Stephen P. New Jesrsey: Prentice Hall, 2002

[13] Putting Spirituality to Work. By, Professor Kerns

[14] Why Decisions Fail By: Paul C. Nutt, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., San Francisco, CA,2002

Реферат опубликован: 16/05/2006