Ñòðàíèöà: 19/33
It is proposed to implement a number of measures to preserve the potential achieved in the previous decades and to enhance integration in the field of science, culture, and education:
— The setting up of common EAU research centers to carry out fundamental research in contemporary knowledge;
— The setting up of an EAU fund for the development of scientific research to unite the scientific collectives from various countries;
— The setting up of a committee on links in the field of culture, science, and education under the Council of the Heads of EAU Governments;
— Encouragement of the formation of non-governmental associations in the sphere of culture, education, and science;
— The setting up of a grants fund under the EAU Executive Committee.
It is proposed to conclude the following accords on defense within the EAU framework:
— A treaty on joint actions to strengthen the national Armed Forces of the EAU member countries and to protect EAU external borders.
The EAU will establish a unified defense space to coordinate defense activities:
The formation of joint peace-making EAU forces to maintain stability and eliminate conflicts within the member countries and between them. The sending of peace-making forces to conflict areas on EAU territory - with the agreement of EAU member states and in accordance with international legal norms;
The tabling of joint proposals by EAU member countries at international organizations, including the United Nations Security Council, on lending EAU joint contingents the status of a peace-making force;
— The setting up of an inter-state center on problems of nuclear disarmament attended by representatives of international organizations.
— All EAU states except Russia maintain their nuclear-free status.
In the area of ecology, the following mechanisms must be formed in the nearest future, according to the EAU project:
— An ecological fund under the EAU Council of Heads of State, to realize ecological programs within the EAU framework, to be financed by all member states;
— Coordination of actions with international organizations to reduce the extent of environmental pollution;
— Endorsement of short- and long-term programs for major problems of restoration of the environment and liquidation of the consequences of ecological disasters (the Aral Sea, Chernobyl, the Semipalatinsk nuclear testing ground);
— The endorsement of an inter-state EAU agreement on storing nuclear waste.
The Eurasian Union of States is thus based on three principal provisions:
— Joint supranational coordinating organs for the management of the economy, defense, and foreign policy;
— A unified economic space;
— A common defense complex.
The supranational institutions include the highest organ of political leadership of the Union - the council of heads of state and heads of government; the highest consultative organ, the parliament; the councils of foreign and defense ministers;
And the interstate executive committee - a permanently functioning executive and controlling body whose head is appointed by the heads of government for a term which they themselves define.
As for the unified economic space, it may be built, e.g., on such a basis as coordinating economic policies and mandatory programs; a common legislative basis regulating relations between economic agents; a supranational currency on the European ECU model; coordination of direct links between enterprises; the setting up of joint and mixed industrial-financial groups, transport firms, trade houses, and exchanges. The defense and foreign trade complexes may be just as effective. The EAU as represented by its executive committee must receive the status of an authorized representative in all the leading interstate organizations of the world.
The practical realization of the provisions of the EAU project in the bilateral Kazakhstan!-Russian relations is excellent proof of the viability of this program.
On January 20, 1995, a package of extremely important integration documents was signed during the working meeting between presidents Nazarbayev and Yeltsin. This package included a declaration on expanding and deepening Kazakh-stani-Russian cooperation and an agreement on the Customs Union, which was also signed by Belorussia. Both of these were discussed in detail before. This last agreement opens the way to the establishment of a unified customs space to be followed by a unified economic space, as envisioned in the EAU project.
With the setting up of the Customs Union, the economic cooperation of the three countries is built on the principles of free, non-discriminatory trade; a common market of commodities, services, capital, and labor; and close interaction in the production, investment, and financial spheres.
Ðåôåðàò îïóáëèêîâàí: 18/07/2008