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The U.K. is a parliamentary monarchy. The British Parliament consists of two Houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The main political parties of Great Britain are the Labour Party, the Liberal Party, the Conservative Party. The Communist Party of Great Britain was founded in 1920. It is a party of the working people.
The United Kingdom has few mineral resources. Coal and oil are the most important of them. The United Kingdom is one of the world's most industrialized countries. The main industrial centres are Sheffield, Birmingham and Manchester. The largest cities of the country are London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Manchester. Glasgow, Belfast, Dublin.
Agriculture takes an important sector in economy of the country. The British people grow wheat, fruit, vegetables, oats.
THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
(Text-2)
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on two large islands and about 5 thousand small islands, called the British Isles, to the North-West of Europe.
The larger island is Great Britain which consists of three раrt.
England, Scotland, and Wales, and the smaller is Ireland. Southern Ireland now called Eire or the Irish Republic, is independent of the United Kingdom. The British Isles cover an area of about 95 000 square miles. Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel, the narrower part of it is called the Strait of Dover.
The country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the Irish Sea. The shallow waters of the North and the Irish Seas provide good f ishing grounds. Fishing therefore is very important.
Mountains are an important featyre of the geography of the country. There are mountain chains in Scotland, Wales and North-West England, but they are not very high. North-West England is also famous for its beautiful lakes.
The rivers of Great Britain are not very long but usually deep and never freeze in winter. The longest and deepest rivers are the Severn and Mersey, the Thames on which stands the capital of Great Britain - London.
Lying in the middle latitudes and surrounded by waters Britain has a mild and temperate climate. The climate of the British Isles is generally classified as cool, temperate, though in the Highlands of Scotland it is severe. The best season for the English people is spring when everything is in full bloom, there is much sunshine and it is rather warm. Autumn and winter are famous for their fogs and rains. In big industrial cities fog turns into "smog" (smoke + fog). It is a very unpleasant time. The usual temperature in winter very seldom falls below 3-5 degrees Centigrade. The weather in Great Britain is very changeable, there may be all kinds of weather within orte day, that is why practically every talk the English people begin with comments on the weather.
Britain is a state with a highly developed industry. It is one of the most poweerful capitalist countries in Europe. Great Britain is also one of the largest exporters of manufactured goods. At the same time it imports metal, oil, grain, meat, fruit, tea and other raw materials and foodstuffs.
The largest cities and most important industrial centres of Great Britain are London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Leeds, Edinburgh.
London, the capital, is one of the most important industrial centres. Lots of things such as clothes, foodstuffs, cars, aircrafts, instruments, medical equipment are produced in and around London. It is also the biggest port.
Birmingham is the centre of the production of machines, lorries, TV sets, radios, computers, steel industry, heavy engineering.
Manchester in the North-West of England is the centre of the cotton textile industry, one of the Britain's most important producers of computers and electronic equipment, chemicals.
Реферат опубликован: 6/09/2006