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Contents
Part One
INTRODUCTION
The United kingdom of Great Britain and Nothern Ireland . 4
Direct meaning of the word «monarchy» . 6
The British constitutional monarchy 7
Part Two
HISTORY OF THE MONARCHY
Kings and Queens of England . 9
The Anglo-Saxon Kings 9
The Normans 23
The Angevins . 30
The Plantagenets 33
The Lancastrians 42
The Yorkists . 46
The Tudors . 48
The Stuarts . 58
The Commonwealth Interregnum 63
The Hanoverians 75
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha . 85
The House of Windsor 87
Part Three
THE MONARCHY TODAY
The Queen’s role . 91
Queen’s role in the modern State 91
Queen and Commonwealth . 91
Royal visits 92
The Queen’s working day 92
Ceremonies and pageantry . 92
The Queen’s ceremonial duties . 93
Royal pageantry and traditions 93
Royal succession . 93
The Royal Household 93
Royal Household departments 94
Recruitment . 94
Anniversaries . 95
Royal finances 95
Head of State expenditure 2000-01 95
Sources of funding 96
Financial arrangements of The Prince of Wales 96
Finances of the other members of the Royal Family . 96
Taxation . 97
Royal assets 97
Symbols 98
National anthem . 98
Royal Warrants 99
Bank notes and coinage . 100
Stamps 102
Coats of Arms 103
Great Seal . 104
Flags . 105
Crowns and jewels 105
Transport 105
Cars 106
Carriages 107
The Royal Train . 108
Royal air travel 109
Part Four
THE ROYAL FAMILY
Members of the Royal Family 111
HM The Queen 111
HRH The Duke of Edinburgh . 111
HRH The Prince of Wales and family 112
HRH The Duke of York 112
TRH The Earl and Countess of Wessex . 112
HRH Princess Royal . 112
HRH Princess Alice 113
TRH The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester . 113
TRH The Duke and Duchess of Kent . 113
TRH Prince and Princess Michael of Kent 114
HRH Princess Alexandra 114
Memorial Plaque
HM Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother . 115
HRH The Princess Margaret . 115
Diana, Princess of Wales . 115
Part Five
ART AND RESIDENCES
The Royal Collection 116
About the Royal Collection 116
The Royal Collection Trust 117
Royal Collection Enterprises 117
Publishing 118
Royal Residences . 118
Royal Collection Galleries . 118
Loans 119
The Royal Residences . 119
About the Royal Residences . 119
Buckingham Palace . 120
The Queen’s Gallery, Buckingham Palace . 120
The Royal Mews 121
Windsor Castle 121
Frogmore . 122
The Palace of Holyroodhouse 122
Balmoral Castle . 123
Sandringham House 123
St James’s Palace . 124
Kensington Palace . 124
Historic residences 124
Bibliography . 126
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952)
Government: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a queen and a Parliament that has two houses: the House of Lords, with 574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, 26 bishops, and the House of Commons, which has 651 popularly elected members. Supreme legislative power is vested in Parliament, which sits for five years unless sooner dissolved. The House of Lords was stripped of most of its power in 1911, and now its main function is to revise legislation. In Nov. 1999 hundreds of hereditary peers were expelled in an effort to make the body more democratic. The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet, headed by the prime minister.
Реферат опубликован: 1/08/2006