Ñòðàíèöà: 10/23
“ to sail before the mast ” – “ñëóæèòü ïðîñòûì ìàòðîñîì ”
“ under bare poles ” – “ â ñòåñíåííûõ îáñòîÿòåëüñòâàõ ”
“to have cloth in wind ” – “ áûòü íàâåñåëå ”
“to fit double clewsand tie up ” – “ æåíèòüñÿ ”
“to trim one’s sails to the mind” – “ ïðèñïîñàáëèâàòüñÿ ”
“ You cousin Melchior worked his passage to Australia before the mast.”(E.Waugh, “Brideshead Revisited”.)
“ The Cecils were seriously alarmed and Burghley, trimming his sails to the wind , thought it advisable, at the next coucil, to take the side of Essex in the matter of the matter of the Spanish ransoms.”(L.Strachey, KD)
ÌÔ â äàííûì ÒÈ õàðàêòåðèçóþòñÿ ïîëíîñòüþ ïåðåîñìûñëåííûìè çíà÷åíèÿìè è îáëàäàþò ÿðêîé îáðàçíîñòüþ è ýìîöèîíàëüíîé ýêñïðåññèâíî-ñòèëèñòè÷åñêîé êîííîòàöèåé.
â) ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ íàçâàíèåì òàêåëàæà, òðîñîâ, ðàçíûõ ïðèñïîñîáëåíèé: bight, boom, brace, hook, cable è äðóãèå.
“ to cut one’s cable ” – “ óìåðåòü”
“ to splice the main brace ” – “ âûïèâàòü”
“ top one’s boom ” – “ ïîñïåøíî óõîäèòü, óäèðàòü”
“ We kept a good look out, too – but he topped his boom directly, he was outside the court…”(J.Courad, “The Nigger of the “Narcissus””, ch.1Ó)þ
“The old fellow slipped his cable last week; I’m going to the funeral tomorrow.”(SPI)
Ôðàçåîëîãèçìû äàííîé ãðóïïû èìåþò ïîëíîñòüþ ïåðåîñìûñëåííûå çíà÷åíèÿ.
ã) ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ íàçâàíèåì ôëàãà ñóäíà: colours, flag, Jack, Roger.
“ to snow one’s true colours” – “ïîêàçàòü ñâîå íàñòîÿùåå ëèöî”
“ to strike one’s flag ” – “ñäàòüñÿ ”
“ the Black Jack ” – “÷åðíûé ïèðàòñêèé ôëàã”
“ sail under faulse colours ” – “ñêðûâàòü ñâîå íàñòîÿùåå èìÿ ”
“ I had so much wisdom as to sail under faulse colours in this foolish jaunt of main.”(R.L.Stevenson, “St. Ives”, ch. ÕÕVØ )
“ Up goes … the Black Jack, with the death’s head … ” (suppl)
ä) ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ íàçâàíèÿìè ìåõàíèçìîâ è ïðèñïîñîáëåíèé íà áîðòó: anchor, compass, helm, locker, gun, oar.
“ sheet anchor” – “ ïîñëåäíÿÿ íàäåæäà ”
“ to take the helm ” – “ âçÿòü ðóêîâîäñòâî â ñâîè ðóêè ”
“ shot in the locker ” – “ äåíüãè ”
“ to box the compass ” – “ èñïîëüçîâàòü âñå âîçìîæíîñòè è âåðíóòüñÿ ê
èñõîäíîìó ïîëîæåíèþ ”
“ Fog’s our sheet anchor, after all. So long as we have Fog, England will survive.”(J.Galsworthy,”Modern Comedy”, book one “The White Monkey”)
“ You can once again take the helm in Western relation with Arab Word if you will. (Bustani, KD) We more or less boxed the compass on this, trying to guess which order the belonged to.”(E.O’Connor, “The Edge of Sadness”, part Ø)
å) ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ íàçâàíèåì ãðóçà áàëàñòà: bulk, oil, balast.
“ in bulk ” – “íàñûïüþ, íàâàëîì”
“ to pour oil on trouble waters ” – “ óñïîêàèâàòü âîëíåíèÿ”
“It was Curry judged her sense of importance that was hurt. He hastened to pour oil on the trouble water. “ I’m very sorry, Mrs. Strete”.”(A.Christie, KD)
4. ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ íàçâàíèåì íàâèãàöèîííûõ ñîîðóæåíèé íà âîäå: buoy
“ to go round the buoy ” – “ ïîïðîñèòü åùå îäíó ïîðöèþ áëþäà çà ñòîëîì”
5. ÒÈ ñâÿçàí ñ áåðåãîì è áåðåãîâûìè ñîîðóæåíèÿìè äëÿ øâàðòîâêè: port, berth, stocks, cost, land, ground, beach.
“ to fall into a good berth” – “ íàéòè õîðîøî îïëà÷èâàåìóþ ðàáîòó ”
“a shug berth” – “ ëè÷íàÿ æèçíü”
“to come to port ” – “íàéòè óáåæèùå”
“on the beach ” – “ â òÿæåëîì ïîëîæåíèè ”
“ She blamed me becouse I couldn’t get a job. Said I liked bein on the beach. ”(S. Maugham, “ The Narrow Corner”)
“ how the land lies” – “ êàê îáñòîÿò äåëà”
“ Don’t try to see me at once. I want to you, but I want to find out how the land lies and I want you to find out too. ”(T. Dreizer, “The Financier”, ch. L)
“ see land ” – “ áûòü ó öåëè”
“Stephan worked the next day and the next, uncheered by a word from anyone, and shunned in all his comings and goings, as before at the end of the second day he saw land: at the end of third, his loom stood empty. ”(Ch. Dickens, “Hard Time”, book Ï, ch. V1)
Äàííàÿ ãðóïïà õàðàêòåðèçóåòñÿ ïîëíîñòüþ ïåðåîñìûñëåííûì çíà÷åíèåì. Ïåðåîñìûñëåíèå äåíîòàòèâíîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ïðîèñõîäèò íà îñíîâå òåìàòè÷åñêîãî èíäèêàòîðà â ðåçóëüòàòå ñåìàíòè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ ìåòàôîðèçàöèè è ìåòîíèìèè.
Ðåôåðàò îïóáëèêîâàí: 29/07/2007